Steam-boiler.



o. G. THOMAS.

STEAM BOILBR. 'f l APPLICATION YILED 0OT.16 .1907.

Patented May 9,v 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

test: Inventor: f` I, cme @72b-m in@ 5' by d. d.' THOMAS.

vSTEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED 0011.6, 1907.

'Patented May 9, '19111:

2 SHEETS-SHEET 24 In ven tof:

nd if 'a' group of bellers musty4 frher, 'it ie' Aequiel that. theSteam" wafer and: the

nog

t'velyfsmell massjoiis'tear'n in intl-'mate .corin y of dryl ample:Qpp'ort nity."

tom. to 'provide a relatively small superheater through which the steamis passed relatively rapidly; whereas I lind that the reverse should bethe case; that the supervelocity of the steam through it relativelysmall thereby permitting'entrained water 'to settle or evaporate.

Aln the accompanying drawings l illustrate. one type of boiler embodyingmy invention and 'possessing the desirable qualities above referred toand others hereafter pointed out.

lt will be obvious that various modifi ations and changes may be made intheI boiler as illustrated, without departing trom the spirit and scopeof the in\\'ention.

in said drawings: Figure l shows a top View and partial horizontalsection of a boiler group comprising two similar boilers locatedoppositely but side to side. Fig. 2

shows a t entral vertical section, from 'front to rear, of one of thesaid boilers. Fig. 3 shows a horizontal section, on a scale larger thanthe preceding views, of Aa boiler such as shown in Figs. l and 2, andshows particularly the arrangement of the tubes of the differentgenerating elements, the arrangement of the vertical baliies withrespect to the generating elements, and the circulating connections atthe lower ends of the generating elements. l? ig. 4t is a detailvertical section of the front batlle, illustrating the construction andmounting thereof.

Each ot the. twin boilers herein illustrated consists ot` a plurality ofgenerating elements each comprising an upper drum, a lower drum,generating tubes connecting said drums, and suitable steam and waterconnections; together' with suitable walls, a furnace, otftake, battles,etc. These generating elements are arranged vertically, or substantially so, and are arranged in a plurality of rows, or groups, ofwhich thc:front row, or row next the furnacel'f preferably coniprises thegreatest number of the generating elements, and the last row (which nthe boiler illustrated constitutes the superheater) comprises the leastnumber, and in the boilers illustrated this last row consists of but oneof said generating elements. The circulation ot furnace gases -isdownward .alongl and between the tubes ot the irst row ot generatingelements, thence under the first battle and up along' and between thetubes of the second row ot generating elements,

and thence over the second baille and down-.\ ward along and between thetubes of 'the stack of the other boiler. This arrangement ot the boilersin pairs not only permits me to locate two boilers in little more. thanthe rectangular space which would be required heater should berelatively large. and the for one only, but it -perinits me to use thestack gases of each boiler for heating the air supplied to the i'urnrueyof the other boiler; air pipes or ducts leading transversely across andthrough the stack of each boiler into the space beneath theI grate otthe other boiler.

ln the d 1awings, numerals il designate the upper drums, 2 the lowerdrums` $5 the tubes connecting said upper and lower drums, fl: theboiler setting, 5, 5, the chambers within said setting in which thegenerating elements are located, G the furnaces at said boilers, 7 thegrates thereof, S) thc ash-pits thereof, and l0 the stacks thereof.llach shea'f of generating tubes 3 and the lower drum and upper drumwhich that sheaf con n nects, constitutes a generating clement. ln theconstruction shown cach boiler comprises siX such elements, thoughobrionsly the number might be greater without disturbing the relativelystaggered arrangement ot the elements and the'generally triangulargrouping thereof.

As-indicated by arrows, the furnace gases 'pass from the combustionchamber otturnace 6, over bridge wall ll across and hence downward andalong and between the gcnerating tubes ot the first row ot threegeneating elements; thence underneath vertical battle 12 and across, upand along the generating tubes of the second row of two generatingelements; and thence over vertical baille 13 and across, downward andalong the generating tubes of the superheater, being the last generatingelement, to tho opening to the stack 10. Circulating connections 14Cconnect the lower drums' .2 of the second row ot generating elementswith the drums 2 oi' the first row; and other circulatingconnections l5connect the upper drums 1 of the second row with the corresponding drums1 of the tirst row. Since the tubes 3 of the first row ot elements areacted upcn by the furnace gases before the tubes o'f the. second row ofelements arc acted on by said gases, the tubes of the tirst row areheated the hotr test, and therefore the direction ot naturalcirculationot the water will be npwai(`1 through the tubes of the first row oitelements, and downward through the tubes ot the second row of generatingelements, so that,`as will be noted, the direction ot circulation of thewater is directly opposite that of the passage of the furnace gases overthe boiler. Each generating element is suspended from its upper drum, l,the lower end of the element being free, so that ample provision is madefor expansionand contraction without strain upon parts under pressure.It will be noted that While the lower heads ot' the lower drums 2 arebulged, they have tlattencd places 22 where the circulating connections14 are attached; these Hat-tened portions making the heads more flexiblethan would be the case it no such tlattened portions were provided, sothat the heads can coliform readily to slight inequalities ot' expansionot the different generating units.

"lhc battles l2 and 'l2-l will commonly be erected outside ot theboiler' setting and slid into place bodily tl'irough openings in theside walls lett tor that purpose. Balie l2, which is suspended fromabove, may consist ot' a. metal plate 234 (Fig. at) having tiles 24 otlrefractory material secured to its faces, and suspended from a hanger 25arr: nged to slide on the tt-.mges ot channels 2G.

The reversed arrangement of boilers in pairs` above referred to, andshown particularly in Fig. l, greatly 'facilitates the heating ol theair supplied to the furnaces. For so heating the air currents, Iprovide, across cach stack l0, series ot air-heating tubes 27 connectingwith the ash-pit ot' the furnace ot the companion boiler; the wastegases of each boiler therefore serving to heat the air supplied tothecompanion boiler. ir may be supplied to these tubes by means of a blower2S, or by any other convenient means.

Owing to the tact that in this boiler the superlieater is exposed to thefurnace gases only a ttcr they have become relatively cool, saidsuperlualter Awill have relatively long lite, as compared withsuperheaters exposed to t'urnace gasestrcsh from the combustion chamber,or nearly so, according to common practice; at thesanic time, owing tothe relatively large size ot' the superheater, its action will be.eliicient.

)xy constructing the boilcrot a plurality ot precisely similar'.gt-nerating elements, ach in `itsel't' ot moderate size. the boiler ismade relatively easy to make and to erect, and its costmay be relativelylow. rlhe tact that the steam and water drums are themselves ,all ot'relatively nioderate size also greatly Jfacilitates erection, as well astransportation. It is obviously )ossible to construct boilers ot' widelydit'ering caliacity trom generating elements of the same size,

by employing more or less generating elethe last row; and 011 the otherhand, the superheater may be omitted, it' `so desired. Owing to thevertical arrangement of the generating elements, a long path may be.provided for the gases` and large heating Asurface and therefore largesteaming capacpermit it to be made otl very large capacity withoutoccupying large. floor space. and thcrc't'orc it is practicable to buildthe boiler in .such sizes that a single boiler. or a .single group oitwo boilers, can .supply the .-tean1 needed by very .large power units.

Customarily the drums will be provided with suitable manholes, tofacilitate cleaningl and retubing.

In constructing boilers ot' extremely large capacity one or more oi thegroups ot gen crating elenlcnts may comprise a plurality oiE rows otsuch elements: the elements ot the different rows` ot'such group orgroupsI being preferably` in such' aise. relatively staggered. rlhat isto say. there may be` in `tront ot' the battle l2. and constituting thetirst group ot' elements. a plurality of rowf` otgenerating elements,and similarly the Igroup ot generating elements between balties l2 andl?) ma Y also comprise a plurality et such elements. Ordinarily it willnot he necessary to provide a plurality oi rows ot generating elementsin the last group, or suptuheatcr. though thisI also may be done.

what l claim l. A steam boiler comprising a furnace, a

heating chamber in connection therewith, a closed circulating systemcomprising upper and lower drums and generating tubes connecting themand arranged in a plurality ot groups. said heating,chamber cont `actingtrom front, to rear and said tubes arranged within said chamber within acorrespond iugly-contracting figure. and baliics between groups ot' saidtubes causing the turn gases to pass alternately up and down along tubesot' different' groups.

. 2. steam boiler comprising a furnace, a heating chamber in connectiontherewith, a closed circulating system comprising upper and lower drumsand generating tubes connecting them and passing through said heatingchamber. said chamber contracting from trent to rear, and battles insaid chamber.

Il. A steam boiler comprising a furnace. a heat ing chamber inconnectiontherewith, a closed circulating system comprising upper and lower drumsand gene `ating tubes connecting them and passing through said heatrlt)' ing member;

' tubes' ff different .groupe y fronti-ef into the furnaceo the other.

' .15.)The combination. of. two boilers arl5 mngedside 'by 'sidelandeach comprising a Hfurnaceya tapering eating chamber, :in o

ztuke, and generating means in said chamber,- the fo'tnk of each boileropposite the furnace-of the other,. :tir-heating ducts in Y each suchotake'oonnectedto the furnace 10v v'of theV other boiei'gvand means;forl passing air through sad-'diicts Y Y In testimony whereof I affix'my signatnre, in the presence of-two witnesses. Y CARL C. THOMAS.

.Witnessesz i' l SHERMAN PEER, F. ANDREWS.

